Palm first Khrushchev keep two houses - in Moscow ul.Grimau d.16 (1959) and in Leningrad ul.Polyarnikov 10. As already reported, in Moscow on the street 5 ySokolinoy mountains (now Avenue Budennogo 43) and Khoroshevskoye highway already in 1948 were also constructed experemental house of mass building. That's on them, and the architect Vitaly Lagutenko. But in his projects was a small but very significant disadvantage - a huge metal consumption by design. But the idea of home-constructor that in the shortest time is going to sroyploschadki already been approved by the country's institut igh leadership. In 1955 he published the famous government decree "On elimination institut igh of excesses in the design and construction", signed by Khrushchev. Namely, after the document appeared no less famous "peeled house," that is already built and ready for home decor so it never received. But if only the decor, in the heat of combat excesses eliminated lofts, gable roof was replaced by a soft roof, reduced the maximum width of stair openings.
Moscow street Grimau 16 in Leningrad in 1955 to house 10 street Polyarnikov built the first prototype institut igh of Khrushchev house 30 apartments in record time - 72 days. Settled in his work building trust, just engaged in the construction of such houses. A flat 18 long years was a kind of testing ground for panels on the effects of moisture, sound, heat and cold. Leningrad street Polyarikov house 10 (first Khrushev) After two years in Moscow has increased the first area of new homes - Cheryomushki. So what was seen housing for ordinary Soviet people architects? institut igh It is very interesting institut igh and justifies colleagues from undeserved accusations against them uncomfortable about design, boring, cramped homes pyatietazhek. High ceilings with hipped curb height of 3.5 meters! Huge windows, two in each room. Adjoining rooms were supposed to be only 4-room flats. In single institut igh and double rooms isolated exclusively at 14-19 square institut igh meters each. 12-14 square meters kitchen!! And And no duplicate nodes. True, that's why no one in any luxury apartments do not mind except for the presence of bath, toilet and bidet. In my opinion, a division of bathrooms was just disgusting, but I guess you have to look at it through the eyes of people who lived in barracks and communal. And now - the doors to each apartment were made from the finest oak wood! In 1957, just at this house and brought Khrushchev. How sad joke eyewitnesses can these oak doors and embarrassed Nikita Sergeyevich ... and identified a very different approach to the needs and aspirations of homeless people. And that, the secretary general institut igh ordered to replace oak doors on plywood. Significant changes institut igh from the original idea. Let's see what the result was: should have become total area - 35-40 m 22 m Kitchen Area - 6.10 sq m ceiling height of 4.5 - 3.2 m 2.5 m Interestingly, that was based on German standards 1870 (?!) years, institut igh existed till the 20s of the 20th century. It was one of those regulations took notorious 9 sq.m. per person, approved by the State Construction Committee as standard. Projects of apartments, built in Germany in the 20-ies. became the basis of the Soviet projects in the 50s .. But even in the German standards was the presence of storage :)) By the way, from my own experience of living in a five-storey building from Transbaikalia until Pribalktiki can say that they are very different to each other. institut igh For example, in Ulan-Ude in the kitchen under the window was a so-called "Khrushchev refrigerator", then there is a niche under the wide sill. In my opinion today is very save space, but what about the summer with food :)) Winter's cold out there, but the hot summer months. On the kitchen did not have gas, electric small tiles appeared later, but for cooking was cumbersome metal wood stove ... In the basement, each apartment had its own nook, where he kept the wood. Wood is heated by hot water in titanium - this was a large diameter (about 40 cm) cast iron pipe with a small stove. The room was hidden in the closet wall. Bathroom with toilet, yes, spacious. institut igh What I remember very well and I feel lucky find - a window-fromuga from the kitchen institut igh to the bathroom partition and on the contrary, also the window - in the hallway. As a result, it turned out through natural institut igh lighting bathroom and a corridor from the kitchen. Sometimes, this technique is applicable institut igh in today's conditions, we Alla and apply :)) I'll be back to the story. After the war, all homeless have 25 million people and it is not given more liberated from the camps repressed. Without regulations, the Soviet economy could not exist. In 1956 came another, duty - to equate institut igh the cost of apartments in new buildings to the cost of the room in a communal apartment institut igh ... Know to be the name of that great economist. In 1961, I appeared in Moscow DSC (still works). Construction on the new panel house n
